Today, this signage technology is referred to as "computer writing". In 1983, the Ikarus Program evolved into the Signus System, a system that makes it possible to cut text, logos and other signs into self-adhesive foil for outdoor advertising. Today, all characters displayed on screens use grayscale for smoothing the edges. As late as 1995, Adobe took his advice and then used grayscale in its Adobe Acrobat program for the display of texts on monitors. Peter Karow tried to find an inexpensive solution to enhance the display by means of using grayscale instead of just black and white, but this solution did not immediately gain acceptance. Initially, the graphical user interfaces on monitors were black and white, and consequently the display of small type sizes was very poor due to jagged edges. Left with / right without kerning Character grayscaling (1981) Left without / right with grayscaling These values had previously been determined empirically by font designers. the calculation of kerning values for the improvement of typesetting. Five years later both font storage technologies were combined as OpenType.įrom 1981 to 1991, together with Margret Albrecht from Hamburg, Peter Karow devoted himself to the automation of kerning, i.e. In 1992, this method of font storage was adopted by Microsoft. during the development of hinting for TrueType fonts. In 1988, Peter Karow worked as an advisor for Apple Inc. This enabled the use of generally available fonts on any computer, printer and typesetter. In 1985, based on this concept, John Warnock and Bill Caxton from Adobe developed “Hinting on the Fly” for PostScript fonts. This facilitated the creation of improved bitmaps that could then be used as bitmap fonts for dot matrix and laser printers or electronic typesetters. In order to prevent these effects, he invented additional information for letter characteristics such as vertical and horizontal linear or curved strokes or serifs and their classification with regard to upper and lower case letters. Peter Karow realized very quickly that - in the case of coarse resolutions -the mere calculation of bitmaps led to images of letters that appeared distorted through random rasterization. In 1970, Xerox put into operation the first small laser printer, and three years later the first PC was developed with a graphical user interface that used a bitmap memory for the creation of the video signal. Rudolf Hell invented the Digiset, the first electronic typesetter. In order to display characters by means of electronic devices such as electronic typesetters, dot matrix or laser printers and particularly computer monitors, a fast calculation of bitmaps in any size (resolution) is crucial. Between 19, URW digitized a large amount of fonts for companies such as IBM, Siemens, Microsoft, Apple Inc., Adobe, Linotype, Monotype, Rudolf Hell and numerous Japanese companies.Ĭontributions Digitization of outlines for typefaces (1972) with Ikarus Afterwards, Ikarus was used all over the world for the digitization of fonts. In 1975, his Ikarus (typography software) was introduced to members of Association Typographique Internationale in Warsaw. After receiving his PhD in 1971, he co-founded the company URW Software & Type GmbH in Hamburg. Career īorn in Stargard, Pomerania, after graduating from high school in 1960 in Schöningen near Braunschweig, he enrolled at the University of Hamburg to study physics. He is recognized as the inventor of outline computer fonts. He contributed with several books and patents to the development of operating systems for computers. He holds several patents in the field of desktop publishing and is known for his work on computer fonts. Peter Karow (born 11 November 1940) is a German entrepreneur, inventor and software developer.
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